Parizvino, kushandira pamwe kwehupfumi nekutengeserana kwe "Belt and Road" kuri kufambira mberi zvichienzaniswa nemafambiro ari kuita zvinhu uye kuri kuratidza kusimba kwakasimba uye simba. Musi wa15 Gumiguru, Musangano we "Belt and Road" weChina Textile Industry wa2021 wakaitwa muHuzhou, Zhejiang. Munguva iyi, vakuru vakuru vemadhipatimendi ehurumende yeKenya neSri Lanka nemasangano emabhizinesi vakabatana kuti vagovane mikana yekudyidzana paindaneti mukutengeserana nekudyara mari muindasitiri yemachira yemuno.

Kenya: Ndiri kutarisira mari muindasitiri yese yemachira

Nekuda kwe "African Growth and Opportunity Act", Kenya nedzimwe nyika dzemuAfrica dziri muAfrica dzinokwanisa kuwana mukana wekupinda mumusika weUS pasina muripo uye pasina muripo. Kenya ndiyo inonyanya kutengesa mbatya dzemuAfrica dziri muSouth Sahara kumusika weUS. China, kutengeswa kwembatya pagore kunosvika mamiriyoni mazana mashanu emadhora ekuAmerica. Zvisinei, budiriro yeindasitiri yemachira nembatya muKenya ichiri isina kuenzana. Vazhinji vanoisa mari vari muchikamu chembatya, zvichikonzera kuti 90% yemachira emumba nemidziyo ivimbiswe nekutenga zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika.

Pamusangano uyu, Dr. Moses Ikira, Mutungamiriri weKenya Investment Agency, vakati kana vachidyara mari muKenya, zvakanakira zvikuru makambani ekugadzira machira ndeizvi:

1. Nhevedzano dzezviyero zvemutengo zvinogona kushandiswa kuwana zvinhu zvakakwana. Donje rinogona kugadzirwa muKenya, uye zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kutengwa kubva kunyika dziri munharaunda dzakadai seUganda, Tanzania, Rwanda neBurundi. Kutenga zvinhu kunogona kuwedzerwa kusvika kuAfrica yese, nekuti Kenya yakatanga African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). ), gadziriro yekugovera zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro ichagadzwa.

2. Kutakurwa kuri nyore. Kenya ine zviteshi zviviri zvengarava nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzekufambisa, kunyanya dhipatimendi guru rekufambisa.

3. Vashandi vakawanda. Pari zvino Kenya ine vashandi vanosvika mamiriyoni makumi maviri, uye avhareji yemari yevashandi inongova US$150 pamwedzi. Vakadzidza zvakanaka uye vane tsika dzakasimba dzebasa.

4. Zvakanakira mitero. Pamusoro pekunakidzwa nematanho ekugadzirisa zvinhu kunze kwenyika, indasitiri yemachira, seindasitiri yakakosha, ndiyo yega inogona kuwana mutengo wemagetsi wakasarudzika weUS$0.05 pa kilowatt-awa.

5. Kunaka kwemusika. Kenya yapedza hurukuro pamusoro pekuti vanhu vawane mukana wekupinda mumusika. Kubva kuEast Africa kusvika kuAngola, kusvika kuAfrica yese, kusvika kuEuropean Union, kune mukana mukuru wemusika.

Sri Lanka: Huwandu hwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika munharaunda iyi hunosvika mabhiriyoni makumi mashanu emadhora ekuAmerica

Sukumaran, Sachigaro weForum yeUnited Apparel Association yeSri Lanka, ndiye akatanga hurongwa hwekudyara mari muSri Lanka. Parizvino, kutengeswa kwemachira nehembe kunotora 47% yezvese zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika muSri Lanka. Hurumende yeSri Lanka inonyanya kukoshesa indasitiri yemachira nehembe. Sezvo iriyo yega indasitiri inogona kunyura kumaruwa, indasitiri yemachira inogona kuunza mabasa akawanda nemikana yemabasa munharaunda. Mapato ese akanyatsoteerera indasitiri yemachira muSri Lanka. Parizvino, machira mazhinji anodiwa neindasitiri yemachira muSri Lanka anotengwa kubva kuChina, uye makambani emachira emuno anogona kungosangana neanenge 20% yezvinodiwa neindasitiri, uye pakati pemakambani aya, makuru ndiwo mabhizinesi akabatana akagadzirwa pamwe chete nemakambani eChina nemakambani eSri Lanka.

Sekureva kwaSukumaran, pakudyara mari muSri Lanka, zvakanakira zvikuru zvemakambani emachira zvinosanganisira:

1. Nzvimbo yenzvimbo yacho iri nani. Kudyara mari mumachira muSri Lanka kwakafanana nekudyara mari muSouth Asia. Hukuru hwezvipfeko zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika munzvimbo iyi hunogona kusvika mabhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica makumi mashanu, kusanganisira kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kuBangladesh, India, Sri Lanka nePakistan. Hurumende yeSri Lanka yakaisa matanho akawanda ekusarudza uye yakagadzira paki yemachira. Paki iyi ichapa zvese zvivakwa kunze kwezvivakwa nemidziyo yemakanika, kusanganisira kurapwa kwemvura, kubudiswa kwemvura, nezvimwewo, pasina kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza nezvimwe zvinetso.

2. Zvipo zvemitero. MuSri Lanka, kana vashandi vekune dzimwe nyika vakatorwa basa, hapana chikonzero chekubhadhara mutero wemari yavo. Makambani matsva anogona kunakidzwa nenguva inosvika makore gumi yekusabhadhara mutero wemari.

3. Indasitiri yemachira yakagoverwa zvakaenzana. Indasitiri yemachira muSri Lanka yakagoverwa zvakaenzana. Inenge 55% kusvika 60% yemachira akarukwa, nepo mamwe akarukwa, ayo akagoverwa zvakaenzana. Zvimwe zvishongedzo nekushongedza zvinonyanya kutengwa kubva kuChina, uye kunewo mikana yakawanda yekuvandudza munzvimbo iyi.

4. Nzvimbo yakapoteredza yakanaka. Sukumaran anotenda kuti kana munhu achida kuisa mari muSri Lanka hazvingotsamiri chete panharaunda iri muSri Lanka, asiwo panharaunda yese yakapoteredza, nekuti rwendo rwekubva kuSri Lanka kuenda kuBangladesh nePakistan rwunongova rwevhiki imwe chete, uye rwendo rwekuenda kuIndia rwunongotora mazuva matatu chete. Huwandu hwembatya dzinotengeswa kunze kwenyika hunogona kusvika mabhiriyoni makumi mashanu emadhora ekuAmerica, izvo zvine mikana mikuru.

5. Mutemo wekutengeserana wakasununguka. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei zviteshi zvakawanda zveChina zvichiuya kuno. Sri Lanka inyika ine vanhu vanopinza nekuburitsa zvinhu kunze kwenyika vakasununguka, uye makambani anogonawo kuita "bhizinesi renzvimbo huru" pano, zvinoreva kuti vanoisa mari vanogona kuunza machira pano, voachengeta pano, vozoatumira kune chero imwe nyika. China iri kupa mari Sri Lanka kuti ivake guta rechiteshi chengarava. Mari inodyarwa pano haizongounzi chete mabhenefiti kuSri Lanka, asiwo ichaunzirawo mabhenefiti kune dzimwe nyika uye ichawana mabhenefiti pamwe chete.