Pfungwa yemachira akangwara anobatanidza

Mupfungwa yemachira akangwara anodyidzana, pamusoro pehunhu hwehungwaru, kugona kudyidzana chimwe chinhu chakakosha. Semunhu akatangira tekinoroji yemachira akangwara anodyidzana, kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kwemachira akabatana kwakaitawo mipiro mikuru kumachira akangwara anodyidzana.

Nzira yekudyidzana yemachira akangwara anobatanidza inowanzo kamurwa kuva passive interaction uye active interaction. Machira akangwara ane mabasa ekudyidzana asingashande anogona kungoona shanduko kana zvinokurudzira munharaunda yekunze uye haagone kupa mhinduro dzinoshanda; machira akangwara ane mabasa ekudyidzana anogona kupindura kune shanduko idzi nenguva ichiona shanduko munharaunda yekunze.

Kukanganiswa kwezvinhu zvitsva uye matekinoroji matsva ekugadzirira pamachira akangwara anobatanidza

1. Fiber yakagadzirwa nesimbi - sarudzo yekutanga mumunda wemachira akangwara anobatanidza

Fiber yakagadzirwa nesimbi imhando yefiber inoshanda zvikuru yakakwezva vanhu vakawanda mumakore achangopfuura. Nehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana hwekurwisa mabhakitiriya, hunodzivirira static, hunodzivirira sterilize uye hunobvisa kunhuhwirira, yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muzvipfeko zvemunhu, kurapwa, mitambo, machira epamba uye zvipfeko zvakakosha.

Kunyangwe machira esimbi ane hunhu hwakasiyana asingakwanise kunzi machira akangwara anopindirana, machira esimbi anogona kushandiswa semutakuri wemasekete emagetsi, uye anogonawo kuva chikamu chemasekete emagetsi, uye nekudaro ave chinhu chinosarudzwa pamachira anopindirana.

2. Kukanganisa kwetekinoroji itsva yekugadzirira pamicheka inodyidzana neunyanzvi

Maitiro ekugadzira machira akangwara aripo anonyanya kushandisa electroplating ne electroless plating. Nekuti machira akangwara ane mabasa akawanda ekutakura mutoro uye anoda kuvimbika kwakanyanya, zvakaoma kuwana machira akakora ne vacuum coating technology. Nekuti hapana tekinoroji iri nani, kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakangwara kunogumira ne physical coating technology. Kusanganiswa kwe electroplating ne electroless plating kwave mhinduro yekubvumirana kune dambudziko iri. Kazhinji, kana machira ane hunhu hwe conductive akagadziriswa, conductive fibers dzinogadzirwa ne electroless plating dzinotanga kushandiswa kuruka jira. Coating yejira yakagadzirwa ne tekinoroji iyi yakafanana kupfuura jira rinowanikwa nekushandisa zvakananga electroplating technology. Pamusoro pezvo, conductive fibers dzinogona kusanganiswa ne wakajairika fibers zvichienderana nekuderedza mitengo zvichibva pakuona mashandiro.

Parizvino, dambudziko guru netekinoroji yekuputira fiber isimba rekubatanidza uye kusimba kwependi. Mukushandiswa kwaro, jira rinofanira kupfuudzwa nemamiriro akasiyana-siyana akadai sekusuka, kupeta, kukanya, nezvimwewo. Saka, fiber inofambisa mhepo inofanira kuongororwa kuti igare kwenguva refu here, izvo zvinoisawo zvinodiwa zvakanyanya pakugadzirira uye kunamira kwependi. Kana mhando yependi isina kunaka, inotsemuka yodonha pakushandiswa chaiko. Izvi zvinoisa zvinodiwa zvakanyanya pakushandisa tekinoroji ye electroplating pamachira efiber.

Mumakore achangopfuura, tekinoroji yekudhinda ye microelectronic yakaratidza zvishoma nezvishoma zvakanakira tekinoroji mukugadzirwa kwemachira akangwara anobatanidza. Iyi tekinoroji inogona kushandisa michina yekudhinda kuisa inki inofambisa mhepo nemazvo pa substrate, nokudaro ichigadzira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinogadziriswa zvakanyanya kana zvichidiwa. Kunyangwe kudhinda kwe microelectronic kuchikwanisa kukurumidza kuratidza zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvine mabasa akasiyana-siyana pa substrate dzakasiyana, uye kuchikwanisa kuita kuti zvinhu zvipfupike uye zvigadziriswe zvakanyanya, mutengo we tekinoroji iyi uchiri wakakwira padanho rino.

Pamusoro pezvo, tekinoroji yehydrogel inofambisa magetsi inoratidzawo zvakanakira zvayo zvakasiyana mukugadzira machira akangwara anopindirana. Kubatanidza kufambiswa kwemagetsi nekuchinjika, mahydrogel anofambisa magetsi anogona kutevedzera mashandiro eganda revanhu. Mumakumi emakore apfuura, akakwezva kutariswa kukuru muminda yezvishandiso zvinopfekwa, biosensors dzinoiswa, uye ganda rekugadzira. Nekuda kwekuumbwa kwenetwork inofambisa magetsi, hydrogel ine maerekitironi anokurumidza kutamiswa uye hunhu hwakasimba hwemekaniniki. Sepolymer inofambisa magetsi ine kufambiswa kwemagetsi kunogadziriswa, polyaniline inogona kushandisa phytic acid nepolyelectrolyte sezvinhu zvinogadzira marudzi akasiyana ehydrogel anofambisa magetsi. Pasinei nekufambiswa kwayo kwemagetsi kunogutsa, network isina kusimba uye inoputsika inokanganisa zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwayo. Saka, inoda kugadzirwa mukushandiswa kunoshanda.

Machira akangwara anoshandiswa pakukurukurirana akagadzirwa zvichibva pahunyanzvi hutsva hwezvinhu

Machira ekurangarira chimiro

Machira ekurangarira chimiro anounza zvinhu zvine mabasa ekurangarira chimiro mumachira kuburikidza nekuruka nekupedzisa, kuitira kuti machira ave nehunyanzvi hwekurangarira chimiro. Chigadzirwa chacho chinogona kunge chakafanana nesimbi yekurangarira, mushure mekuchinjwa chero kupi zvako, chinogona kugadzirisa chimiro chayo kuti chienderane nechapakutanga mushure mekusvika pamamiriro ezvinhu akati wandei.

Machira ekurangarira chimiro anosanganisira donje, sirika, machira emvere dzemakwai uye machira ehydrogel. Machira ekurangarira chimiro akagadzirwa neHong Kong Polytechnic University akagadzirwa nedonje nerineni, izvo zvinogona kukurumidza kupora zvakapfava uye zvakasimba mushure mekupiswa, uye zvinotora hunyoro hwakanaka, hazvizochinje ruvara mushure mekushandiswa kwenguva refu, uye hazvigoni kushandiswa nemakemikari.

Zvigadzirwa zvine zvinodiwa zvinoshanda zvakaita sekuputira, kudzivirira kupisa, kupindira kwehunyoro, kupindira kwemhepo, uye kupindira kwemhepo ndizvo zvinoshandiswa zvikuru pakugadzira machira ekurangarira chimiro. Panguva imwe chete, munyaya dzemafashoni, zvinhu zvekurangarira chimiro zvavewo zvinhu zvakanaka zvekutaura mutauro wekugadzira mumaoko evagadziri, zvichipa zvigadzirwa mhedzisiro yakasiyana yekuratidza.

Machira eruzivo rwemagetsi ane hungwaru

Nekuisa zvinhu zvemagetsi zvinochinjika uye masensa mujira, zvinokwanisika kugadzirira machira emagetsi ane ruzivo rwakangwara. Auburn University muUnited States yakagadzira chigadzirwa chefiber chinogona kuburitsa shanduko dzekupisa uye shanduko dzemaziso dzinokonzereswa nechiedza. Chinhu ichi chine mabhenefiti makuru ehunyanzvi mumunda wekugadzira zviratidziro zvinochinjika nezvimwe zvishandiso. Mumakore achangopfuura, sezvo makambani etekinoroji anonyanya kuita zvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji yemafoni akaratidza kudiwa kukuru kwetekinoroji inochinjika, kutsvagurudza tekinoroji yezviratidziro zvemachira zvinochinjika kwakawana kutariswa kwakawanda uye simba rekusimudzira.

Machira ehunyanzvi emhando yepamusoro

Kubatanidza zvikamu zvemagetsi mumachira kuburikidza netekinoroji yemodular kugadzira machira ndiyo mhinduro yakanakisa yetekinoroji pari zvino yekuzadzisa hungwaru hwemachira. Kuburikidza nepurojekiti ye "Project Jacquard", Google yakazvipira kuita kuti machira akangwara ashandiswe nenzira dzakasiyana. Parizvino, yakabatana neLevi's, Saint Laurent, Adidas nedzimwe mhando kuti vatange machira akangwara akasiyana siyana emapoka akasiyana evatengi.

Kubudirira kwakasimba kwemachira akangwara anobatanidza hakuparadzaniswi nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva nguva dzose uye kushandira pamwe kwakakwana kwemaitiro akasiyana-siyana anotsigira. Nekuda kwekuderera kwemutengo wezvinhu zvitsva zvakasiyana-siyana mumusika nhasi uye kukura kwetekinoroji yekugadzira, mazano akashinga achaedzwa uye achashandiswa mune ramangwana kupa kurudziro itsva negwara kuindasitiri yemachira akangwara.